Australia's wildlife is unique, rich and diverse due to the long geological isolation from other continents, which took place over the last 50 million years. Today over 770 species of birds, 283 species of mammals, approximately 750 species of reptiles, over 200 species of frogs and an estimated 225,000 species of invertebrates call Australia home.

About half of the Australian mammals are marsupials. Marsupials are pouched mammals, which are born under-developed and then continue their development in a pouch. Many Australian animals are active at night. This is important as it allows them to conserve water in a country which is hot and dry.

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